Idan kana son haɓaka hatsi da kare itace tare da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun da ke da sauri da sauƙi don gyarawa, shellac shine zabi mai nasara; gano fa'idojin sa a cikin ayyukan DIY. Wannan ƙare na halitta yana ƙara dumi, zurfi, da haske mai dadi sosai.Bugu da ƙari, yin aiki daidai a matsayin abin rufewa kafin sauran varnishes na zamani.
A cikin wannan labarin mun tattara, tsarawa da kuma bayyana dalla-dalla duk abin da kuke buƙatar Master shellac: abin da yake, lokacin da za a yi amfani da shi, yadda za a shirya shi, fasaha na sana'a (brush, pad da spray gun), lokutan bushewa, gyara matsala da kiyayewa. Muna kuma amsa tambayoyi masu amfani kamar yadda ake hatimi ƙarshen hatsin pine tare da dewaxed shellac. da kuma dacewa da polyurethane da ruwa na tushen ruwa ko man fetur. (Duba yadda mayar da kayan gargajiya na zamani tare da shellac.)
Menene shellac?
Shellac wani resin halitta ne wanda ake siyar dashi a cikin flakes kuma yana narkar da shi cikin barasa don aikace-aikace. Ya fito ne daga ɓoyewar kwari Laccifer laccatattara kuma an tace su cikin samfur wanda, da zarar ya narkar, ana iya shafa shi ta goga, pad, ko bindigar feshi. Karin bayani game da Menene shellac?.
Babban darajarsa ya ta'allaka ne a cikin kayan kwalliya da haɓakawa: yana ba da komai daga sautunan lemu mai dumi zuwa kusan zaɓuɓɓuka masu haske, dangane da matakin gyare-gyare da nau'in (orange, m ko fari). Akwai nau'ikan kakin zuma da nau'ikan da ba a taɓa yin su ba.Ana ba da shawarar waɗannan na ƙarshe lokacin da za ku yi amfani da polyurethane ko wasu varnishes waɗanda ke buƙatar matsakaicin mannewa. Hakanan yana da amfani don tuntuɓar a jagora don haɗa launuka na shellac.
Lokacin da ya dace don amfani da shellac
Za'a iya amfani da Shellac azaman ƙarewa na ƙarshe ko azaman tushen tushe kafin sauran sutura. A matsayin abin rufewa, yana haɓaka sha kuma yana toshe zubar jini da tabo.barin farfajiyar da aka shirya don fenti na tushen ruwa, fenti na tushen mai ko lacquers na zamani (mafi kyau idan an lalata shellac a cikin tsaka-tsaki).
Yana da daraja musamman a cikin kyakkyawan ginin majalisar ministoci da maidowa, kuma shine ginshiƙi na Yaren mutanen Poland, wata dabarar goge goge ta gargajiya wacce ke samar da haske mai zurfi mara misaltuwa. Saboda yanayin da ba shi da guba da zarar an warke, yana da kyau ga kayan dafa abinci, kayan aiki da filaye a cikin hulɗa da abinci.Idan kuna sha'awar zaɓi mai dorewa, karanta game da eco-friendly shellac.
Fa'idodi da iyakancewa
Daga cikin kyawawan dabi'unsa, shellac ya yi fice don lokacin bushewa da sauri, bayyananniyar haske, da sauƙin sakewa. Ya dace da ƙarewa da yawa (musamman idan an lalata), hatimi sosai kuma baya rawaya a hankali.An gina shi da kyau, yana jure wa fashe-fashe da amfani da yau da kullun cikin sauƙi.
A mayar, da shellac Yana da kula da barasa da zafi mai yawa, don haka ba shine mafi dacewa ga ƙarewa ba don yanayi mai tsanani. Bugu da ƙari, cakuda yana da iyakataccen rayuwar shiryayye da zarar an narkar da shi. Kuma barasa yana da ƙonewa sosai, wanda ke buƙatar kulawa da hankali da samun iska mai kyau.
Nau'in shellac
Flakes (classic): yana buƙatar narkewa a cikin barasa. Yana ba ka damar zaɓar sautin da maida hankali ga abin da kake so.samun sakamako na musamman na musamman idan kun shirya kawai abin da kuke buƙata.
Button-lac (akan maɓalli ko fayafai): ƙarancin ladabi, duhu a launi da rustic a cikin hali. Mafi dacewa don kyawawan bishiyoyi lokacin neman launi mai zurfi da al'ada.
Orange: mai ladabi tare da sautin zinariya-orange wanda ke ƙara dumi. Yana haɓaka dazuzzuka masu ja kamar mahogany ko ceri. ba tare da manna su ba.
Blonde: ya fi orange haske, tare da amber mai laushi. Kusan dai yana adana kalar taswira, bishiyar ash, da furanni masu launin haske.da kyar ta canza sautin sa.
Fari (bleached): kusan m. Mafi kyawun zaɓi lokacin da kake son karewa ba tare da wahalar canza launin tushe baMafi dacewa don bishiyoyi masu haske sosai. Kara karantawa game da madara farin shellac.
Ruwan da aka riga aka gama: shirye don amfani, mai amfani ga masu farawa. Ƙarƙashin ƙasa shine kwanciyar hankali da rayuwar rayuwa (watanni 3-6) bai kai na sabon haɗuwa ba sanya daga ma'auni.
aminci da kiyayewa
Kaushi a cikin shellac barasa ne (yawanci an cire shi), wanda yana da zafi sosai har ma da tururi. Guji wuta, tartsatsin wuta, da tushen zafiYana aiki tare da giciye samun iska ba tare da zayyana kai tsaye ba.
Ya kamata a bushe tsumman da aka yi amfani da shi sosai a kan wani wuri marar amfani (misali, shingen kankare) ko kuma a jika shi cikin ruwa kafin a zubar. Kiyaye samfurin da kayan aikin nesa ba kusa da yara ba kuma sanya abin rufe fuska yayin yashi tsakanin riguna.
Shirye-shiryen Sama
Tushen da aka shirya da kyau shine rabin yakin. Yashi a hankali har zuwa 220 grit (dama 320 bushe) don barin itacen da santsi. Manufar ita ce kawar da alamun da ake iya gani da kuma daidaita shaIdan ƙarewar ƙarshe za ta zama fenti, 120-150 zai isa saboda za ku rufe ƙananan lahani.
Idan za ku shafa mai kafin shellac, yi duk yashi a gaba. Bayan yashi, cire ƙurar gaba ɗaya tare da ƙura da ƙura mai ɗaukar hoto don hana haɗawa da hatsi.
Yadda za a shirya cakuda shellac (yanke)
Idan kun yi amfani da flakes, kuna buƙatar narkar da su a cikin barasa kuma ku ayyana "yanke" ko maida hankali. Yanke fam 1 yana nufin fam 1 na flakes akan galan 1 na barasa (ko ma'aunin awo nasa), 2 fam yana nufin sau biyu ma'auni, da sauransu.
Don farawa, yanke na 1 zuwa 2 fam yana aiki sosai. Yawancin masu son son fi son kilo 1,5 a cikin hannaye na bakin ciki biyu saboda ana amfani da shi tare da ƙarin sarrafawayayin da yanke na 2-2,5 fam zai iya ajiye lokaci a kan manyan, filaye marasa ƙarfi.
Duk abin da aka yanke, tace cakuda kafin a yi amfani da shi tare da madaidaicin raga mai laushi (150 micron mesh in pulverizing). Bari ya zauna na sa'o'i biyu don ƙyale kowane kumfa ya ɓace. kuma a guji girgiza shi da karfi.
Rayuwar rayuwa da adanawa
Da zarar narke, shellac yana raguwa a tsawon lokaci: ya bushe mafi muni kuma ƙare ya zama mai laushi kuma ya fi sauƙi. Ajiye shi a cikin kwalbar da ba ta da iska, a cikin sanyi (kasa da 24 ° C), wuri mai duhu daga zafiAl'ada sanyi ba ya lalata shi; barasa yana daskarewa a matsanancin zafi.
Siffofin da aka riga aka haɗa galibi suna da rayuwar shiryayye na watanni 3 zuwa 6; Haɗin gida na dadewa idan an adana shi da kyau, amma yana da kyau a shirya adadi masu dacewa. Idan kun lura cewa yana ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo don bushewa ko barin ji na rubbery, jefar da shi. kuma shirya wani sabo.
Dabarun aikace-aikacen goge goge
Goga mai dacewa: Zaɓi bristles na halitta masu inganci (sable, bristle) 5-7 cm don shimfidar lebur da 2-3 cm don gyare-gyare. Zuba rabin bristles kawai sannan a kashe abin da ya wuce gona da iri a cikin akwati., ba tare da ja tare da gefen don guje wa haɗa iska ba.
Aikace-aikace: aiki a 45 ° zuwa saman tare da dogon bugun jini yana bin hatsi. Guji wucewa wuraren da tuni sun fara bushewa.Shellac yana bushewa a cikin mintuna kuma alamun ganye suna aiki fiye da kima.
Rhythm da lokaci: ci gaba da sauƙi, ta 30x30 cm zane ko sassan, rike da "rigar gefen". Bar minti 15-20 tsakanin siraran riguna kuma kar a yi fiye da kima don hana ɗigowa ko ƙugiya a gefuna.
Aikace-aikacen Yaren mutanen Poland
Shirya yar tsana tare da auduga na auduga da aka nannade a cikin lilin ko kayan auduga da aka wanke. Jiƙa ainihin abin ba tare da jiƙa shi ba don ya saki samfurin a cikin tsari mai sarrafawa. kuma a guje wa dunƙule ko ƙullun da ke nuna alamar.
Dabarar: yi motsi a cikin "takwas" ko masu jujjuyawar juzu'i tare da madaidaicin kari (wuce 2-3 a sakan daya) da matsa lamba iri ɗaya. Kuna iya ƙara digo 2-3 na man linseed zuwa wuyan hannu don haɓaka glide. da kuma hana shi tsayawa.
Layering: Fara da diluted cuts (1 fam) kuma a hankali ƙara maida hankali zuwa karshen (har zuwa 3 fam idan kana neman ƙarin jiki). Don kammala haskakawa, wucewa ta ƙarshe tare da tsantsar barasa ("ruhi a kashe") yana haɗawa da tsaftacewa. saman.
Fasa gun
Hadawa da tacewa: daidaita danko tare da barasa 10-15%, tace zuwa 150 microns kuma duba tare da kofin Ford #4 (18-22 seconds). Cakuda da ke da kauri sosai yana haifar da bawon lemu; wanda yayi siriri sosai yana haifar da haila..
Saitunan kayan aiki: Tare da HVLP, yi amfani da bututun ƙarfe na 1,3-1,5 mm a mashaya 2-2,5 (30-35 psi) da 12-15 CFM na iska. Riƙe bindiga a tsaye a bango a nesa na 20-25 cm. na yanki da 50% zoba tsakanin wucewa.
Yadudduka: Aiwatar da riguna masu bakin ciki (8-12 microns kowace gashi), ba da damar bushewa a takaice tsakanin riguna. Yana sarrafa zafin jiki (20-24 ° C) da zafi (max. 55%) tare da samun iska mai laushi don gujewa bleaching saboda zafi ko bushewar da bai dace ba.
Bushewa, yashi tsakanin riguna da goge baki
Yanayin da ya dace: 18-22 ° C da 40-50% zafi dangi yana rage haɗarin hazo. Idan akwai matsala, jira minti 30-45 dangane da kaya da samun iska.Ka guji igiyoyin ruwa kai tsaye wanda zai iya lalata fim ɗin.
Sarrafa hanzari: idan ya cancanta, yi amfani da fitilun IR a mita 1, ba tare da wuce 35 ° C a saman ba. Yanayin zafi mafi girma na iya haifar da tsagewa ko tarko mai ƙarfi.haifar da hazo.
Shiri tsakanin yadudduka: yashi mai sauƙi tare da ulun karfe 0000 ko sandpaper 400-600 grit, koyaushe tare da taɓawa mai laushi. Cire ƙura tare da rigar tsumma. kafin a ci gaba da tabbatar da gaskiya.
gogewar ƙarshe: ba da izinin warkewa na awanni 72 idan za ku goge zuwa babban sheki. Yana aiki tare da wani fili na tripoli ko lu'u-lu'u na tushen lu'u-lu'u da faifan ji a 1200-1500 rpm, gama da hannu tare da lallausan manna da rigar ulu.
Magani ga matsalolin gama gari
Kumfa da ramuka: waɗannan yawanci suna haifar da girgiza cakuda, gurɓata da silicones/mai, ko aikace-aikacen da ke da sauri. Bari cakuda ya huta na tsawon sa'o'i 2, sannan tsaftace saman tare da barasa isopropyl 70%. kuma, idan ya ci gaba, ƙara anti-crater a 0,5%.
Farin fata (rufe): yana bayyana tare da zafi mai zafi (> 60%) ko taso. Yashi yankin, shafa 95% barasa, kuma sake nema a cikin yanayi mai sarrafawa. tare da ƙarancin danshi da ƙananan yadudduka.
Tari ko digo: nauyi mai yawa, rashin isasshen lokacin jira tsakanin hannaye, ko bambancin maida hankali. Mataki ta hanyar yashi mai sauƙi, shafa “coat ɗin wanki” (0,5 lb) da aka diluted sosai. kuma ya sake gina ƙarshen a cikin sirara, har ma da yadudduka.
Pro tip: Kula da ma'auni, lokuta, da yanayi don kowane aiki. Takaddun bayanai zai taimaka muku cimma sakamako mai maimaitawa riga gyara sabani da sauri.
Shari'ar da ta dace: rufe ƙarshen hatsin Pine da dacewa da sauran varnishes
Ka yi tunanin tebur na Pine: saman yankakken tare da ƙarshen hatsi da tushe mai tushe. Kuna son amfani da Zinsser dewaxed shellac azaman mai rufewa kuma ku gama shi da Minwax polyurethane/varnish (tushen ruwa ko tushen mai). Yadda za a rufe hatsi na ƙarshe da kyau da kuma cimma daidaituwa?
Aiwatar da sealer: Ƙarshen hatsi yana sha da yawa. Shirya yankan 1-1,5 lb kuma yi amfani da riguna na bakin ciki 2-3 tare da goga ko kushin, jira mintuna 15-20 tsakanin riguna. A cikin matakin hatsi na ƙarshe, gashin gashi na 3 ko 4 mai haske yana da amfani. har sai abin sha ya daidaita kuma haske ya fara fitowa.
Brush ko tsarma? Kuna iya shafa shi da goga ba tare da wata matsala ba a wannan maida hankali. Idan kun lura yana jan ko tsiro, ƙara barasa kaɗan don fitar da shi. Guji wuce wuraren da suka bushe. kuma yana aiki a takaice.
Yashi tsakanin riguna: Yashi mai haske sosai tare da grit 400-600 ko 0000 bayan gashi na biyu yana taimakawa wajen daidaita zaruruwa masu tasowa. Cire kura sosai kafin a ci gaba don kauce wa girgije hatimin.
Ƙarshen dacewa: Idan kuna amfani da polyurethane (tushen ruwa ko mai mai), KADA ku yi amfani da shellac da aka lalata a matsayin tsaka-tsakin Layer. Sigar da aka yi da kakin zuma na iya lalata mannewar polyurethane.Bayan rufewa, yi amfani da riguna na polyurethane bisa ga lokuta da yashi da masana'anta suka ba da shawarar. Tuntubar da Bambance-bambance tsakanin shellac da sauran varnishes don ƙarin cikakkun bayanai.
Kayan aiki da shirye-shiryen gogewar Faransanci
Don yin aiki tare da kushin za ku buƙaci: kushin kanta (auduga ko ulu), shellac, sandpaper mai kyau, tsummoki mai tsabta, safofin hannu, abin rufe fuska, goga ko spatula don tallafi, da akwati don haɗuwa. Tsaftace yanayi da kayan aiki yana da mahimmanci kamar fasaha. don guje wa tabo da hazing.
Kafin ka fara, duba cewa itacen ya bushe, tsabta, kuma yashi. Yana kawar da ƙura gaba ɗaya Kuma, idan za ku yi rini ko shafa mai, yi shi kafin shellac, bin lokutan bushewa na samfurin da ya gabata.
Mahimmin umarnin mataki-mataki don wuyan hannu
Load da aka sarrafa: jiƙa ainihin wuyan hannu tare da diluted shellac kuma matse abin da ya wuce gona da iri don kada ya digo. Dole ne ya saki samfurin ba tare da digo ba.Idan kun lura da ja, ƙara digo na barasa ko ɗan ɗanɗano na man linseed don inganta zazzagewa.
Wuce: aiki tare da adadi-takwas da karkace ƙungiyoyi, overlapping tare da m kari da matsakaici matsa lamba (kimanin. 2-3 kg). Ka guji zama dogon lokaci akan batu guda. don kauce wa yin alama.
Yadudduka masu nasara: suna tsaka-tsaki ƙananan raguwa don ƙyale shi ya daidaita. Kuna iya musanya tsakanin mafi diluted cuts a farkon da kuma ƙara maida hankali kadan a karshen. don samun jiki ba tare da rasa daidaito ba.
Kuskuren gama gari da yadda ake guje musu
Samfurin wuce gona da iri: yana haifar da ɗigogi, kumfa, ko tarawa. Gyara ta hanyar ɗaukar abin da ya wuce kima tare da wuyan hannu ko takarda mai kyau da zarar ya busheKadan ya fi tare da shellac.
Shiri mara kyau: ƙasa mara kyau ko ƙura yana rage daidaituwa da haske. Idan kun riga kun yi amfani da shi, ƙara sautin ƙasa, tsaftacewa sosai, kuma sake shafa a hankali. don dawo da tsabta.
Mummunan yanayi: matsananciyar yanayin zafi ko zafi mai zafi yana lalata bushewa kuma yana haifar da gajimare. Yana sarrafa yanayi kuma yana haɓaka itace da samfur zuwa zafin jiki iri ɗaya kafin aiki.
Rashin daidaituwa: haɗuwa da varnishes ba tare da dubawa ba na iya haifar da matsalolin mannewa. Amfani da dewaxed shellac azaman shinge na tsaka-tsaki yawanci yana guje wa yawancin rikice-rikiceIdan ba ku da tabbas, gwada shi a kan guntun guntu.
Kula da shellac gama
Tsaftacewa: Yi amfani da zane mai laushi, ɗan ɗanɗano. Kauce wa samfurori masu tsauri ko kyama. Yi amfani da magudanar ruwa da matsuguni don karewa daga ruwa da zafimusamman akan teburan da ake amfani da su yau da kullun.
Kulawa: bincika lokaci zuwa lokaci kuma gyara ɓarna tare da gashin bakin ciki na shellac bayan yashi haske. Babban fa'idar shellac shine cewa yadudduka suna "welded" tare.don haka retouching yana haɗuwa sosai.
Muhalli: iyakance faɗuwar rana kai tsaye da sarrafa canje-canje kwatsam a yanayin zafi da zafi. A wurare masu ɗanɗano sosai, zaɓi yankan sirara da tsawon lokacin dafa abinci. don rage mayafi.
Yadda ake adana haske a cikin dogon lokaci
Don adana haske, tsaftace a hankali kuma ka guje wa danshi mai dagewa. Taɓawar lokaci-lokaci tare da sirara mai ɗanɗano yana maido da sabo. har zuwa ƙarshe ba tare da buƙatar tarwatsa dukkan tsarin ba.
Idan ya yi hasarar kyalkyalin sa tsawon shekaru, zaku iya goge shi da abubuwa masu kyau bayan lokacin warkewar sa'o'i 72 daga gashi na ƙarshe. Yin aiki a cikin yanayi mai sanyi kuma tare da tufafi masu tsabta yana haifar da bambanci. a cikin tsabta ta ƙarshe.
Kwatancen sauri tare da sauran varnishes
Shellac: dumi, m, ya bushe da sauri kuma yana da sauƙin gyarawa. Ƙananan juriya ga barasa da zafi fiye da polyurethane, amma ya fi dacewa da sabuntawa da kyau gamawa.
Polyurethane: mai wuyar gaske kuma mai jure ruwa, tare da kyalkyali daban-daban. Yana bushewa a hankali kuma yana iya yin kama da "ƙarin filastik" cewa shellac a kan wasu bishiyoyi.
Polyacrylic: kariya mai kyau tare da ƙarancin rawaya da bushewa da sauri fiye da wasu polyurethane. Ba ya kai iyakar taurin polyurethane na tushen mai..
Oil varnish: yanayin yanayi da sauƙin sake taɓawa. Yana buƙatar ƙarin kulawa kuma ba a san shi da juriyar sinadarai ba idan aka kwatanta da zaɓuɓɓukan zamani.
Nitrocellulose: yana bushewa da sauri kuma ya bar cikakkiyar ƙarewa. Ƙananan ɗorewa kuma mafi kusantar rawaya a cikin tsarin lokaci na sauran tsarin yanzu.
Tambayoyi akai-akai
Menene goge gogen Faransa? Ana amfani da ƙarewa tare da auduga ko kushin ulu, yana samun siraɗi masu sirara da gogewa, cikakke ga kayan ɗaki da kayan kida. Yana ba da izinin iko mai girma na haske da daidaitawa..
Wadanne kayan nake bukata don kushin? Pad, shellac, takarda mai kyau, rags, safar hannu, abin rufe fuska, akwati kuma, idan kuna so, goga ko spatula don tallafi. Yin aiki a cikin sarari mai tsabta da iska yana haifar da bambanci.
Yaya aka tsara tsarin mataki-mataki? Shirya saman, ɗora kushin ba tare da wuce haddi ba, yi amfani da motsi na yau da kullun da ke bin tsarin, bar shi ya bushe, sauƙi gauraya idan ya cancanta, kuma sake shafa yadudduka na bakin ciki. Hakuri da tsayuwar taki sune mabuɗin.
Kuskure na yau da kullun da gyare-gyare masu sauri? Ya wuce gona da iri, ƙura, muhalli mara kyau, ko rashin jituwa. Sarrafa adadin, tsaftace da kyau, saka idanu zafin jiki da zafi, da yin gwaje-gwaje na farko. lokacin da kuka haɗa tsarin.
Daga ina dabara ta fito? Ilimi ne na gargajiya tare da gogewa da yawa a bayansa. Ana samun hankali don "karanta" danshi da jin daɗin varnish tare da sa'o'i na aiki.Malami nagari yana hanzarta koyo.
Tare da duk abubuwan da ke sama, yanzu kuna da cikakken jagora don ƙware shellac: shirye-shirye, dabaru, sigogi, da dabaru masu kyau don cimma saman ƙwararrun ƙwararru. Daga abin rufewa na duniya zuwa babban mai sheki, shellac yana aiki na musamman da kyau idan aka yi amfani da shi daidai., kuma sauƙin gyara shi ya sa ya zama cikakkiyar aboki a cikin tarurruka na zamani da kuma sabuntawa na yau da kullum.
